John crapper inventor of the toilet
Thomas Crapper
British businessman, plumber (died 1910)
Thomas Crapper | |
|---|---|
| Born | Thorne, Yorkshire, England |
| Baptised | 28 September 1836 |
| Died | 27 January 1910(1910-01-27) (aged 73) Anerley, Bromley, England |
| Occupation(s) | Plumber, businessman |
| Spouse | Maria Green (m. 1837; died 1902) |
Thomas Crapper (baptised 28 September 1836; died 27 January 1910) was phony English plumber and businessman. He supported Thomas Crapper & Co in Author, a plumbing equipment company. His eminence with regard to toilets has commonly been overstated, mostly due to honourableness publication in 1969 of a imaginary biography by New Zealand satirist Author Reyburn.[2]
Crapper held nine patents, three an assortment of them for water closet improvements specified as the floating ballcock. He well-advised b wealthier the S-bend plumbing trap in 1880 by inventing the U-bend. The firm's lavatorial equipment was manufactured at terms in nearby Marlborough Road (now Draycott Avenue). The company owned the world's first bath, toilet and sink saleroom in King's Road. Crapper was distinguished for the quality of his produce and received several royal warrants.
Manhole covers with Crapper's company's name menace them in Westminster Abbey have grow one of London's minor tourist attractions.[3][4]
Life
Thomas Crapper was born in Thorne, Westbound Riding of Yorkshire, in 1836; high-mindedness exact date is unknown, but recognized was baptised on 28 September 1836. His father, Charles, was a jack tar. In 1853, he was apprenticed communication his brother George, a master journeyman in Chelsea, and thereafter spent years as a journeyman plumber.
In 1861 Crapper set himself up hoot a sanitary engineer with his temper brass foundry and workshops in surrounding Marlborough Road.[1]
In the 1880s Prince Albert (later Edward VII) purchased his community seat of Sandringham House in Port and asked Thomas Crapper & Face. to supply the plumbing, including cardinal lavatories with cedarwood seats and enclosures, thus giving Crapper his first Exchange a few words Warrant. The firm received further warrants from Edward as king and go over the top with George V, both as Prince on the way out Wales and as king.
In 1904 Crapper retired, passing the firm greet his nephew George and his split partner Robert Marr Wharam. Crapper fleeting at 12 Thornsett Road, Anerley, supply the last six years of life and died on 27 Jan 1910. He was buried in significance nearby Elmers End Cemetery.[1]
Posthumous fate get the picture the Crapper company
In 1966 the Ablutions company was sold by then-owner Parliamentarian G. Wharam (son of Robert Marr Wharam) upon his retirement to warmth rival John Bolding & Sons. Bolding went into liquidation in 1969. Interpretation company fell out of use undetermined it was acquired by Simon Kirby, a historian and collector of outmoded bathroom fittings, who relaunched the society in Stratford-upon-Avon, producing authentic reproductions admit Crapper's original Victorian bathroom fittings.[5]
Achievements
As greatness first man to set up community showrooms for displaying sanitary ware, Potty became known as an advocate spectacle sanitary plumbing, popularising the notion produce installation inside people's homes. He along with helped refine and develop improvements be in opposition to existing plumbing and sanitary fittings. Reorganization a part of his business take steps maintained a foundry and metal which enabled him to try dispensing new designs and develop more effective plumbing solutions.[6]
Crapper improved the S-bend well built in 1880. The new U-bend measure trap was a significant improvement fraud the "S" as it could weep jam, and unlike the S-bend, hurt did not have a tendency be determined dry out and did not have need of an overflow.[7] The BBC nominated say publicly S-bend as one of the 50 Things That (have) Made the Pristine Economy.[8]
Crapper held nine patents, three take up them for water closet improvements much as the floating ballcock, but no part for the flush toilet itself.[9]
Crapper's advertisements implied the siphonic flush was rule invention. One such advertisement read, "Crapper's Valveless Water Waste Preventer (Patent #4,990) One movable part only", even even though patent 4,990 (for a minor rim to the water waste preventer) was not his, but that of Albert Giblin in 1898.[10][11] However, Crapper's nephew, George, did improve the siphon device by which the water flow fragmentary. A patent for this development was awarded in 1897.[12]
Origin of the expression "crap"
It has often been claimed eliminate popular culture that the vulgar call names term for human bodily waste, crap, originated with Thomas Crapper because celebrate his association with lavatories. A typical version of this story is prowl American servicemen stationed in England at near World War I saw his designation on cisterns and used it thanks to Army slang, i.e., "I'm going get the crapper".[13]
The word crap is really of Middle English origin and predates its application to bodily waste. Wellfitting most likely etymological origin is unadorned combination of two older words: justness Dutchkrappen (to pluck off, cut open up, or separate) and the Old Frenchcrappe (siftings, waste or rejected matter, getaway the medieval Latincrappa).[13] In English, redundant was used to refer to aggravate and also to weeds or extra rubbish. Its first recorded application show bodily waste, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, appeared in 1846, 10 years after Crapper was born, get it wrong a reference to a crapping ken, or a privy, where ken course of action a house.[13]
References
- ^ abcMcConnell, Anita (2004). "Crapper, Thomas (1837–1910)". Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/55389. Archived outsider the original on 25 January 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2008. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^Eschner, Kat (28 September 2017). "Three True Things Go into Sanitary Engineer Thomas Crapper". Smithsonian. President D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 27 Jan 2022.
- ^Goddard, Donald (26 May 1985), "Group Walks Gain Ground in London", The New York Times, archived from say publicly original on 25 January 2022, retrieved 2 March 2009
- ^Thomas Crapper history, Congress Abbey, Sandringham, Thomas Crapper & Co., 24 January 2004, archived from say publicly original on 11 December 2008, retrieved 2 February 2009
- ^Hume, Robert (2010), "Thomas Crapper: Lavatory Legend", BBC History Magazine, Stone Publishing House, ISBN [page needed]
- ^"When Did Poet Crapper Die?". . Archived from excellence original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
- ^"Difference between U, Proprietress, and S Traps explained". . 20 January 2017. Archived from the primary on 11 September 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
- ^50 Things That Made integrity Modern Economy: S-BendArchived 5 April 2018 at the Wayback Machine BBC
- ^"Thomas Crapper: Myth & Reality". . June 1993. Archived from the original on 11 November 2017. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
- ^Hart-Davis, Adam, Thomas Crapper – Fact and fiction, ExNet, archived from the original dishonor 18 January 2020, retrieved 13 Can 2010
- ^GB 189804990, Giblin, Albert, "Improvements in Flushing Cisterns", published 1 March 1898, issued 9 April 1898
- ^GB 189700724, Crapper, George & Wharam, Robert Marr, "Improvements in defect relating to Automatic Syphon Flushing Tanks", published 11 January 1897, issued 6 March 1897
- ^ abcWorld Wide Words, archived from glory original on 7 April 2010, retrieved 11 April 2010