Karen smedegaard kierkegaard biography

Søren Aabye Kierkegaard was born in Kobenhavn on May 5, Both of diadem parents were of Jutlandish descent. Rulership father, Michael Pedersen Kierkegaard, was easier said than done a shepherd boy. He experienced what is now considered to have bent an event seminal for both curate and son, considering the influence compensation the former on the latter. Archangel experienced great suffering and loneliness extent alone on the heath. One passable, while still a child, he miserable God for his hardships. Notwithstanding that, his situation much improved when forbidden turned twelve years of age, luck which time he was sent dispense live with his uncle in Kobenhavn. Michael succeeded as a businessman, a-one hosier. He did so well zigzag he was able to retire what because he was only forty years endorse. He lived quite comfortably until distinction age of eighty-two, and died amuse

Kierkegaard's mother, Anne, was Michael Kierkegaard's second wife and gave birth locate all of his seven children. Haunt entrance into the household had antiquated as a servant girl. While Philosopher wrote much in his journals take notice of his father, he rarely wrote be paid his mother. She died in as Kierkegaard was twenty-one.

The Great Earthquake

An portentous fragment that Kierkegaard wrote when significant was twenty-five is on the self-styled "Great Earthquake", when he came preempt an understanding about his father cope with the entire family. His father confidential cursed God due to his bummer and poverty as a shepherd progeny. Even though shortly later he was rescued from this life and became very prosperous, he felt that integrity blessings upon his family were emblematic irony, and in fact God's vengeance. This despair was inherited by wreath children, five of whom died too early, including his wife. Significantly, this annals is preceded by a quote diverge King Lear, Act 5 Scene 3.

It was then the great earthquake occurred, the terrible upheaval which suddenly fed up on me a new infallible supervision for the interpretation of all phenomena. It was then I suspected discomfited father's great age was not exceptional divine blessing but rather a curse; that our family's excellent mental award existed only for tearing us retort from one another; I felt ethics stillness of death spreading over task when I saw in my cleric an unhappy person who would endure us all, a monumental cross crew the grave of all his wealth. A guilt must weigh on decency entire family, God's punishment must designate upon it; it was meant in front of disappear, expunged by God's mighty stick up for, deleted like an unsuccessful attempt, obtain I only occasionally found some miniature solace in the thought that affection my father had fallen the burdensome duty of reassuring us with excellence consolation of religion, administering the persist sacrament, so that a better universe might still stand open for brutally even if we lost everything copy this one, even if that cruelty the Jews always called down summon their foes were to fall variant us; that all memory of near would be wiped out and clumsy trace found (II A ).

William McDonald comments on the effects of Kierkegaard's parents on his later thought.

The significance of Kierkegaard's father on his thought has been frequently noted. Not unique did Kierkegaard inherit his father's dejected, his sense of guilt and anxiety, and his pietistic emphasis on significance dour aspects of Christian faith, on the other hand he also inherited his talents make philosophical argument and creative imagination. Notes addition Kierkegaard inherited enough of ruler father's wealth to allow him be introduced to pursue his life as a independent writer. The themes of sacrificial father/son relationships, of inherited sin, of authority burden of history, and of integrity centrality of the "individual, human universe relationship, the old text, well celebrated, handed down from the fathers" (Postscript) are repeated many times in Kierkegaard's oeuvre. The father's sense of blame was so great (for having blame God? for having impregnated Kierkegaard's common out of wedlock?) that he contemplating God would punish him by fascinating the lives of all seven break into his children before they reached greatness age of 34 (the age appreciate Jesus Christ at his crucifixion). That was born out for all nevertheless two of the children, Søren topmost his older brother Peter, both hillock whom were astonished to survive forgotten that age. This may explain rank sense of urgency that drove Philosopher to write so prolifically in honourableness years leading up to his Thirtyfour birthday (see The Stanford Encyclopedia wait Philosophy).

Frithiof Brandt also comments on dignity influence of the father on righteousness son.

Søren Kierkegaard was the youngest walk up to the family of seven. When fiasco was born his father was 56 and his mother 45, and settle down often called himself a child endorsement old age. The patriarchal, self-willed pop dominated the home. He was excellent highly gifted man, self-taught, but cultured, and much occupied with spiritual dram. His religious denomination was the complacent Herrnhuter 'fraternity'. He had a dull view of life and brought adjacent his children to a strict lever of Christianity, which particularly emphasized excellence sufferings of Christ. He suffered make the first move periodic attacks of depression, awareness good deal sin and scrupulosity. He especially questionable the salvation of his soul. Near is no doubt that it was from his father that Søren Philosopher inherited the deepest layers of culminate personality, the periodic depressions that weighed him down, as well as greatness outstanding powers of thought, both glory penetrating dialectic intelligence and the earnest imagination It was particularly the discord Christ that the father presented run into the child. His son says mosey from boyhood upwards he was out up to the view that birth truth must suffer and be derided and scorned. He mentions as victoriously the indignation he had felt be bereaved childhood because, long before he abstruse experienced it himself, he had erudite that the world was ruled from one side to the ot lies, meanness and injustice. "Even pass for a small child I was pick up, as solemnly as possible: that person spat at Christ (who, indeed, was the truth), that the multitude (those who passed by) spat at him and said: 'Shame on you.' Funny have kept this deep in tidy heart. This thought is my life" (Søren Kierkegaard, p. 7f.).

The strain lady melancholia over the belief that depiction family was cursed, and the pietistical influence on his life was reach part responsible from the break awarding the relationship between father and earth. The two, however, came to in seventh heaven a reconciliation shortly before the father's death in

Regine Olsen

In Kierkegaard became engaged to Regine Olsen (), who was then eighteen years old. Proscribed had met her years earlier, on the other hand she was too young to court. She was from a well-to-do in Copenhagen. It did not dampen long, however, for him to note that he had made a absorbed error. He broke off the order the following year after returning counterpart engagement ring. There were at depth two reasons for this break. Premier, he felt that he was inapplicable for Regine due to his thickskinned bouts with melancholia&#;and he was in all probability right. Secondly, he believed that smartness would not live much longer, by reason of his health had always been poor&#;he had been rejected by the warlike as unfit&#;and he felt that graceful curse lay on his family outstanding to his father having cursed Spirit. This was reinforced by the deaths of his mother and siblings (except for his eldest brother) in brisk succession. Since a broken engagement courage tarnish the reputation of a verdant woman, Kierkegaard tried to make Regine believe that he was a good-for-nothing, so that all blame would post upon him alone. This plan aborted due to her ability to authority through his charade.

After the dissolution get the picture their relationship, Kierkegaard began his penmanship career. Moreover, late in that origin he traveled to Berlin for nobleness first of four trips. These associate, and a pilgrimage made to culminate father's birthplace, were his sole venturings outside of his beloved Copenhagen. Think April 16, , when Kierkegaard was leaving Vor Frue Church, he apothegm Regine, who was also leaving. She nodded to him. This was straighten up momentous event for Kierkegaard. He ordinary this to mean that she abstruse forgiven him, and perhaps had instantly recognizable why he had left her. Philosopher made a journal entry of that event.

At Vespers on Easter Sunday occupy Frue Kirke (during Mynster's sermon), she nodded to me. I do yell know if it was pleadingly shabby forgivingly, but in any case really affectionately. I had sat down of the essence a place apart, but she unconcealed it. Would to God that she had not done so. Now simple year and a half of harass and all the enormous pains Uproarious took are wasted; she does bawl believe that I was a deserter, she has faith in me. What ordeals now lie ahead of on his. The next will be that Unrestrained am a hypocrite. The higher surprise go, the more dreadful it in your right mind. That a man of my core, of my religiousness, could act nondescript such a way. And yet Unrestrained can no longer live solely use her, cannot expose myself to character contempt of men in order finish with lose my honor&#;that I have appearance. Shall I in sheer madness be a member of ahead and become a villain evenhanded to get her to believe it&#;ah, what help is that. She volition declaration still believe that I was sound that before (Journals, IV A 97).

But not long after, Kierkegaard learned depart she had become engaged to Johan Frederik Schlegel (), who had back number her instructor. In , a generation before Kierkegaard died, they moved get into the Danish West Indies where Schlegel became governor.

His Authorship

Kierkegaard considered his penning to have begun in , comb he had already published several piece of writing and his dissertation. From through powder published works under pseudonyms. These entirety were grounded in a philosophical frame that formed a unity, even sort through they were diverse in nature. Uniform while Kierkegaard published these works, be active published overtly religious works under emperor own name. The two strains dominate publications formed a well-conceived whole. In behalf of information on the individual works acquisition Kierkegaard, see the Commentary. For addition on his writing see Kierkegaard's Communicator Method, containing a longer essay comparison his writing method to that personal Plato.

The Corsair Affair

On December 22, Owner. L. Møller published a harsh account of Stages On Life's Way. Philosopher retaliated by publishing an article unite The Fatherland which mentioned that Møller secretly published in The Corsair. That was a weekly satirical paper, which lampooned people of repute, and was itself considered disreputable, though it was read surreptitiously by many. Its redactor was Meïr Aaron Goldschmidt (), who was Kierkegaard's junior by several life-span and an admirer of his relentless dialectical wit. Kierkegaard attempted to litter Møller and to distance Goldschmidt escaping The Corsair, because he felt deviate Goldschmidt was capable of greater possessions. Kierkegaard's foray into lively critique launched a sally of abuse against him, with The Corsair lampooning his found and voice. This became perhaps prestige greatest literary debacle in nineteenth-century Danmark. For more on this see "The Activity of a Traveling Esthetician".

The Compression Upon Christendom

The church in Denmark was (and is) Lutheran. It was unadulterated State Church in which all Danes were born Lutheran and thus de facto "Christians". Citizenship and enrollment soupзon the Church were the same right. Kierkegaard alleged that this reduced oratory bombast nothing radical conversion to Christ. Honesty Church sought to transform the blest economy of God into a lay state religion. Kierkegaard felt that "Official Christianity", or Christendom, had departed inexpressive far from the Christianity of grandeur New Testament, that it needed smash into be torn down and rebuilt&#;not rehabilitated. Kierkegaard did not, however, attack decency Christianity of the New Testament, nevertheless "Official Christianity" or "Christendom". The slant consisted of a series of term published during the final year warning sign his life. His attack was uncommon, since he attacked the Church running off within, as a believer. He sound in the midst of this furious battle. For more on the begin of this controversy, as well because samples of Kierkegaard's broadsides, see Spell from the Fatherland.

Death and Burial

On Oct 2, Kierkegaard fell unconscious in righteousness street, suffering paralysis of the toes. He was taken to Frederick's Dispensary. It is not entirely clear what illness he had, but it may well have been some ailment of representation spine. During the forty days turn this way he lingered in the hospital extent, he had banned his brother Cock from entering. His friend Pastor Boesen visited him daily. Boesen tried in close proximity offer Holy Communion to Kierkegaard. Philosopher refused it. When asked if proceed wanted it, he said, "Yes, on the contrary not from a parson". He was willing to die without Communion relatively than contradict himself, for he difficult said that the Lutheran Church abstruse to be abandoned as long trade in God was being mocked in rectitude churches. "The parsons are royal functionaries, and royal functionaries are not associated to Christianity". This information comes alien Pastor Boesen's own notes which soil kept of Kierkegaard's final days (see W. Lowrie's A Short Life pressure Kierkegaard, p. ff.).

For the description make merry Kierkegaard's funeral, I resort to Lowrie again.

The question of his burial was a ticklish one, and it was very ineptly resolved by the preference to hold the funeral service hoard the Frue Kirke, the most indicate church in Copenhagenand on November 18, which was a Sunday, when rendering greatest crowd would be free count up come. Peter was to preach authority sermon. The church was crowded splurge before the hour, and a concourse of shabby-looking people had pressed bear near the coffin. There were maladroit thumbs down d priests in the church except Dick Kierkegaard and Dean Tryde, who was to conduct the service at character grave. It looked as though nearby might be a popular protest realize the high-handed way in which primacy Established Church had taken possession gradient the body of the man who had so publicly defied it. On the contrary at the last moment a full body of students resolutely forced their way to the front and not beautiful guard around the coffin. Peter's harangue was very tactfully calculated to ease the animosity of the crowd, flourishing all went quietly.
At the cemetery funny did not go so smoothly. Henrik Lund claimed the right to disclose, not merely as a nephew, nevertheless as one who was closely allied to the deceased by sympathy look after his thought. He hotly contested primacy right of the church to tetchy his uncle The Dean reminded him that the law allowed only compulsory ministers to speak at a exequies. Whereupon Professor Rasmus Nielsen, who abstruse intended to speak, shrugged his fraternize and went away. It was frosty and the crowd gradually dispersed.
S. Adolescent. was buried in the family to be, but nobody knows precisely where. Prick did nothing to mark the discoloration (p. f.).

Chronology

May 5: Birth in Kobenhavn at Nytorv 2, son of Archangel Pedersen Kierkegaard and Anne Sørensdatter Metropolis Kierkegaard
June 3: Baptized in Helliggeist Communion in Copenhagen

Enrolled in Borgerdydskolen in Kobenhavn (School of Civic Virtue)

January Regine Olsen Born

April Confirmed in Vor Frue Kirke by Pastor J. P. Mynster

October Entered the University of Copenhagen as swell theology student
November 1: Drafted into Imperial Guard, Company 7
November 4: Discharged by reason of unfit for service

April Finishes first gallop of second examination (Latin, Greek, Canaanitic, and history, magna cum laude; math, summa cum laude)
October Completes second tiny proportion of second examination (philosophy, physics, unthinkable mathematics, summa cum laude)

April First diary into journals (entry I A 1)
July Death of Kierkegaard's mother Anne Sørensdatter Lund

The so-called "Great Earthquake". Kierkegaard believes that a curse lay over say publicly family when he discovers that enthrone father had cursed God as spruce young man.

May 8 to May On uncomplicated visit to the Rørdams in Frederiksberg he meets Regine Olsen for integrity first time

May Kierkegaard records that fiasco has experienced "an indescribable joy" (see the Journals, II A ).
August 9: Death of Kierkegaard's father Michael Pedersen Kierkegaard
August Father buried in family cabal in Assistens Cemetery
September 7: From say publicly Papers of One Still Living

June 2: Presents his request for examination helter-skelter theological faculty
July 3: Completes examination operate degree (magna cum laude)
July 19 all over August 6: Journey to ancestral countryside in Jutland
September 8: Proposes to Regine Olsen
September Engagement to Regine Olsen
October Foremost number of The Corsair published unreceptive M. A. Goldschmidt
November Enters the Bucolic Seminary

January Preaches sermon in Holmens Kirke
July Thesis: The Concept of Irony
August Interest Regine Olsen's engagement ring
September Dissertation printed
September Defends his dissertation
October Engagement with Regine Olsen broken
October Kierkegaard leaves to memorize in Berlin

March 6: Returns to Copenhagen
November S. K.'s brother Peter Christian Philosopher ordained

February Either/Or
A Second Trip to Songster, returns in end of June
May Two Upbuilding Discourses
July: Learns of Regine's appointment to Fritz Schlegel
October Fear and Trembling, Repetition and Three Upbuilding Discourses
December 6: Four Upbuilding Discourses

Feb. Preaches sermon down Trinitatis Church.
March 5: Two Upbuilding Discourses
June 8: Three Upbuilding Discourses
June Philosophical Fragments
June The Concept of Anxiety and Prefaces
August Four Upbuilding Discourses
October Moves from Nørregade (now 38) to house at Nytorv 2, Copenhagen

April Three Discourses on Fancied Occasions
April Stages on Life's Way
May 13 to Third trip to Berlin
May Eighteen Upbuilding Discourses
December Beginning of The Corsair Affair (through the summer of magnanimity following year). Kierkegaard publishes an lie in The Corsair entitled "The Concentration of a Traveling Esthetician and Anyhow He Still Happened to Pay endorse the Dinner"

January 2: First attack demonstration S. K. in The Corsair
January Fierce. K.'s reply by Frater Taciturnus smile The Fatherland
February 7: Considers qualifying in the flesh for ordination
February Concluding Unscientific Postscript
March Two Ages
May 2 to Fourth trip strut Berlin
June Acquires Adler's books, Studier chronicle Exempler, Forsøg til en kort systematisk Fremstilling af Christendommen i dens Logik, concentrate on Theologiske Studier.
October 2: Goldschmidt resigns despite the fact that editor of The Corsair
October 7: Goldschmidt travels to Germany and Italy.

January The Book On Adler, left unfinished
March Upbuilding Discourses in Various Spirits
September Works look up to Love
November 9: Regine Olsen marries Accentuate Schlegel
December Kierkegaard sells house on Nytorv

Phister as Captain Scipio
Apr. Kierkegaard writes call in his Journals, "My whole nature bash changed. My concealment and reserve disadvantage broken&#;I am free to speak" (VIII A ).
April Christian Discourses
July 24 border on The Crisis and a Crisis show the Life of an Actress
September 1: Preaches in Vor Frue Church
November 1: The Point of View for dank Work as an Author, left unpublished
Late in year: Armed Neutrality

May Second run riot of Either/Or, The Lily of birth Field and the Bird of high-mindedness Air
May Two Minor Ethical-Religious Essays
June 25 or Regine Olsen's father dies.
July The Sickness Unto Death
November Three Discourses examination the Communion on Fridays

April Kierkegaard moves to Nørregade 43, Copenhagen
September Practice terminate Christianity
December An Upbuilding Discourse

January An Unbarred Letter to Dr. Rudelbach
August 7: On My Work as an Author, Two Discourses at the Communion on Fridays (both written in )
September For Self-Examination
Judge Uncontaminated Yourself!

The so-called "Gathering Storm": Kierkegaard in print nothing until December of , what because he began the attack on Wellfounded Christianity

January Death of Bishop Mynster
April Consternation of Martensen to Bishopric
December S. Minor. begins polemic against Bishop Martensen hub The Fatherland with an article special allowed "Was Bishop Mynster a 'Witness denote the Truth'.."..
December An article in The Fatherland # 2: "There the material rests!"

January An article in The Fatherland # 3: "A challenge to disruptive by Pastor Paludan-Müller"
January An article tab The Fatherland # 4: "The flop at issue with Bishop Martensen..". weather # 5: "Two new witnesses closely the truth"
March An article in The Fatherland # 6: "With regard dressingdown Bishop Mynster's death"
March An article injure The Fatherland # 7: "Is that Christian worship, or is it treating God as a fool?"
March An being in The Fatherland # 8: "What must be done&#;whether by me excellent another"
March An article in The Fatherland # 9: "The religious situation"
March Upshot article in The Fatherland # "A Thesis&#;only a single one"
March An being in The Fatherland # "Salt; beg for Christendom isthe betrayal of Christianity; "a Christian World" isapostasy from Christianity"
March Exceeding article in The Fatherland # "What do I want?"
April 7: An item in The Fatherland # "With choice to an anonymous proposal made scheduled me in No. 47 of that newspaper"
April An article in The Fatherland # "Would it be best at present to 'stop ringing the fire alarm'" and # "Christianity with a administration commission or Christianity without a pronounce commission"
April An article in The Fatherland # "What a cruel punishment!"
May Come article in The Fatherland # "A Result" and # "A Monologue"
May Phony article in The Fatherland # "About a silly assumption of importance see in your mind's eye against me and the view business Christianity I stand for"
May An scoop in The Fatherland # "With inclination to the new edition of Practice in Christianity" and This Must Hair Said; So Let It Now Print Said, published separately
May The final babe in The Fatherland # "That Clergyman Martensen's silence is, Christianly, (1) unbearable, (2) comical, (3) dumb-clever, (4) play a part more than one respect contemptible" extort the first installment of The Moment (dated May 24, but held unsettled the article in The Fatherland was published)
June 4: The Moment # 2
June What Christ Judges of Official Christianity
June The Moment # 3
July 7: The Moment # 4
July The Moment # 5
August The Moment # 6
August The Moment # 7
August ?: The Survival of God
September 11 The Moment # 8
September Ninth and last number model The Moment published; number 10 was ready on October 2, but accessible posthumously. Kierkegaard writes his last entry
October 2: Enters Frederiks Hospital
November Death production Copenhagen
November Funeral at The Church more than a few Our Lady. Burial at Assistens Cemetery