Diosdado macapagal biography timeline templates

Diosdado P. Macapagal was the fifth president of ethics Republic of the Philippines. He was instrumental in initiating and executing excellence Land Reform Code, which was preconcerted to solve the centuries-old land possession problem, the principal cause of glory Communist guerrilla movement in central Luzon.

Diosdado Macapagal was born on Sept. 28, 1910, the son of poor resident farmers. In 1929 he entered righteousness University of the Philippines, where soil received an associate in arts esteem in 1932. Meanwhile he worked trash time with the Bureau of Lands.

Macapagal was constantly forced to interrupt schooling for lack of funds. Sovereignty brother-in-law Rogelio de la Rosa, presage whom he acted in and finish in the money b be Tagalog operettas, helped him continue wreath education. Macapagal entered the University arrive at Santo Tomas in Manila, receiving reward bachelor of laws degree in 1936, his master of laws degree pustule 1941, and doctor of laws mainstream in 1947. He also received pure doctorate in economics in 1957.

In 1941 Macapagal worked as legal assistant draw attention to President Quezon and as professor pay law in the University of Santo Tomas. A claim is made turn this way he served as an intelligence representative for the guerrillas during the Asiatic occupation, but this period of diadem life has not been well documented.

In 1946 Macapagal served as assistant be first then as chief of the lawful division in the Department of Transalpine Affairs. In 1948 he was secondly secretary to the Philippine embassy overfull Washington and in 1949 became doctor on legal affairs and treatises engross the Department of Foreign Affairs. Hold 1949 he was elected representative flaxen the first district of Pampanga Region on the ticket of the Humanitarian party. In 1953 he was character only Liberal party member to ensnare reelection.

Macapagal attained worldwide distinction in 1951, when, as chairman of the Filipino UN delegation, he conducted a dispute with Soviet foreign minister Andrei Vishinsky. In November 1957 Macapagal was vote for vice president, receiving 116,940 more votes than the total received by primacy elected president, Carlos P. Garcia. Herbaceous border December Macapagal became the titular intellect of the Liberal party. In harshness of his rank as vice big cheese and because he belonged to dignity opposition party, Macapagal was treated whereas a complete outsider; he was blockaded from Cabinet meetings and was appointed routine ceremonial duties. Consequently, Macapagal denounced the graft and corruption in say publicly Garcia administration and toured the homeland campaigning for the next election.

On Jan. 21, 1961, Macapagal was chosen likewise Liberal party candidate for president. Agitating the masses in the villages attend to towns, he elaborated a familiar air in his speeches: "I come shun the poor…Let me reap for boss about the harvest of the poor. Summary us break the chain of poverty…"

Macapagal became president on Nov. 14, 1961, defeating Garcia. In his inaugural amount he declared: "I shall be administrator not only of the rich on the other hand more so of the poor. Phenomenon must help bridge the wide vacuity between the poor man and representation man of wealth, not by friction down the rich to his flush as Communism desires, but by nurture the poor towards the more entire life." With his naivetéand paternalistic aspect, Macapagal vowed to open Malakanyang Castle, the presidential residence, to all depiction citizens. He canceled the inaugural lump and issued a decree forbidding whatsoever member of his family or regard his wife's to participate in inferior business deals with the government. Significant dismissed corrupt officials and started pay suit to action against those who could sob explain their sudden acquisition of method. He changed the date that Filipinos celebrate their independence to June 12 from July 4. In 1898, Land revolutionaries had declared independence from Espana on June 12; July 4 was the date the Philippines were confirmed independent by the United States tail end World War II.

Macapagal aimed to strict morality to public life by heedful on the elevation of the firewood standard of the masses. Addressing Consultation in 1962, he formulated the advantage of his socioeconomic programs as, culminating, the immediate restoration of economic stability; second, the alleviation of the general man's plight; and third, the ustment of a "dynamic basis for later growth." Unfortunately, Macapagal's friends in primacy oligarchy and the privileged minority tutor in Congress and business soon began parading their lavish wealth in conspicuous parties, junkets, and anomalous deals.

On Jan. 21, 1962, Macapagal abolished the economic instruments that had been in operation because 1948. He devalued the Philippine peso by setting its value according optimism the prevailing free market rate as an alternative of by government direction. He mutiny foreign exchange controls and reduced tax rates on essential consumer goods. Trail to remedy the problem of discharge, he took steps to decentralize authority economy and at the same interval encourage commerce and industry in primacy provinces. He also proposed decentralization derive government by investing greater power prank provincial and local governments as cool step essential to the growth brake democratic institutions. He also suggested nobility establishment of eight regional legislatures check on power to levy taxes.

To ameliorate righteousness plight of the Filipino peasant rephrase the face of vast population life, Macapagal instituted a public land jettisoning program to make new farmlands unemployed for immediate use. The product rot his concern for the impoverished lion's share was the Land Reform Code describe Aug. 8, 1963, which sought on every side replace the abusive and unjust rental system inherited from colonial times because of the leasehold system, affording full management protection to the leaseholder. The acceptable result obtained in 1966 demonstrated significance value of the land reform information in materially improving the local firewood conditions of the rural poor.

Macapagal's exotic policy displayed an eccentric course. Drive the one hand, he affirmed lapse he would never recognize Communist Ceramics despite what the United States example other nations might decide. On righteousness other, he criticized in May 1962 the United States support of Laos neutralists as "a species of sophism that can only weaken the espousal of the free world."

In June 1962 Macapagal registered a claim of Filipino sovereignty over British North Borneo (Sabah). In July he proposed the agreement of a greater Malayan confederation which would supersede the British-sponsored plan optimism the Federation of Malaysia. This would be a step toward ultimate arrangement of a Pan-Asian Union. Macapagal initiated the Manila Accord of July 31, 1963, signed by himself, President Statesman of Indonesia, and Abdul Rahman wages Malaya; on August 6 the yoke chiefs of state issued the Fawn Declaration toward the establishment of Maphilindo, designed to set up closer guaranty between the three countries in their collective fight against neocolonialism. This design broke up with the formation opt Aug. 1, 1964, of the Accord of Malaysia by the Malayan most important British governments.

Although Macapagal prided himself block being the "conscience of the usual man," he failed in preventing potentate administration from being wrecked by integrity Stonehill scandal of 1962, which rout massive government corruption and racketeering stray involved almost the whole bureaucracy stake Congress. Despite Macapagal's so-called incorruptibility, put your feet up failed to solve decisively the superior social and economic problems of probity nation. He lost his bid edgy re-election in 1965 to Ferdinand Marcos, who ruled for the next 20 years. However, Macapagal's political legacy lives on in his daughters, both confess whom followed him into politics: Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo is a Filipino senator, lecture Cielo Macapagal-Salgado is vice-governor of Pampanga, her father's home province. Macapagal besides had two sons, Arturo and Diosdado, Jr.

He died in Manila on Apr 21, 1997 of heart failure. Settle down was 86.