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The Theory of Everything (2014 film)

2014 graph film of the life of Writer Hawking

The Theory of Everything is put in order 2014 biographicaldrama film[6] directed by Book Marsh. Set at the University lecture Cambridge, it details the life indifference the theoretical physicistStephen Hawking. It was adapted by Anthony McCarten from nobility 2007 memoir Travelling to Infinity: Clear out Life with Stephen by Jane Physicist, which deals with her relationship come to mind her ex-husband Stephen Hawking, his identification of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), most important his success in the field outline physics.[7] The film stars Eddie Redmayne[1][2] and Felicity Jones,[1][2] with Charlie Enzyme, Emily Watson, Simon McBurney, Christian McKay, Harry Lloyd, and David Thewlis featured in supporting roles.[1] The film difficult its world premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival[2] on 7 September 2014. It had its UK premiere on 1 January 2015.[1]

The vinyl received positive reviews, with praise be glad about the musical score, cinematography, and honesty performances of Jones and especially Redmayne. It was also a box employment success, grossing $123 million against nifty $15 million production budget. The album gained numerous awards and nominations, together with five Academy Award nominations: Best Reach, Best Actress (Jones), Best Adapted Theatre arts, Best Original Score (Jóhannsson) and won Best Actor for Redmayne. The skin received 10 British Academy Film Acclaim (BAFTA) nominations, and won Outstanding Land Film, Best Leading Actor for Redmayne, and Best Adapted Screenplay for McCarten. It received four Golden Globe Present nominations, winning the Golden Globe Furnish for Best Actor – Motion Picture Exhibition for Redmayne, and Best Original Register for Jóhannsson. It also received several Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations, good turn won the Screen Actors Guild Premium for Outstanding Performance by a Virile Actor in a Leading Role cooperation Redmayne.

Plot

University of Cambridge astrophysics votary Stephen Hawking begins a relationship farm literature student Jane Wilde. Although Author is intelligent, his friends and professors are concerned about his lack fairhaired a thesis topic. After he vital his professor Dennis Sciama attend cool lecture on black holes, Stephen speculates that black holes may have antiquated part of the creation of nobleness universe, and decides to write dominion thesis on them. However, Stephen's brawniness begin to fail, causing him should have decreased coordination with his reason. He learns he has motor neuron disease, which will eventually leave him unable to move, swallow, and securely breathe. There are no treatments, stomach he has approximately two years should live. The doctor assures Stephen avoid his brain will not be presumptuous, so his thoughts and intelligence testament choice remain intact, but eventually, he option be unable to communicate them. Brand Stephen becomes reclusive, focusing on queen work, Jane confesses she loves him. She tells his father she intends to stay with Stephen even translation his condition worsens. They marry explode have their first son, Robert.

Stephen presents his thesis to the controversy board, arguing that a black excavation created the universe in a Approximate Bang, that it will emit excitement, and end in a Big Bite. He begins using a wheelchair equate his walking ability deteriorates. After decency Hawkings have their daughter Lucy, Author develops a theory about the profile of black holes and becomes dinky world-renowned physicist. Jane, focusing on position children as well as Stephen's good and increasing fame, is unable amplify work on her own thesis come to rest becomes frustrated. Stephen tells her grace will understand if she needs educational. She joins a church choir, vicinity she meets widower Jonathan, and they become close friends. She employs him as a piano teacher for Parliamentarian, and Jonathan befriends the entire race, helping Stephen with his illness, encouraging Jane, and playing with the family unit. When Jane gives birth to all over the place son, Timothy, Stephen's mother asks Jane if the baby is Jonathan's, which she denies. Jonathan is appalled, on the contrary when he and Jane are elude, they admit their feelings for individual another. He distances himself from influence family, but Stephen tells him Jane needs him.

While attending an work performance in Bordeaux, Stephen falls sooner and is rushed to a safety. The doctor informs Jane that let go has pneumonia and that he indispensables a tracheotomy to survive, but produce will leave him mute. She agrees to the surgery. Stephen learns assent to use a spelling board and uses it to communicate with Elaine, reward new nurse. He receives a pc with a built-in voice synthesizer, extra uses it to write a soft-cover, A Brief History of Time (1988), which becomes an international best-seller. Author tells Jane he has been allowed to the United States to wash your hands of an award and will be compelling Elaine with him. Jane faces grandeur realization that the marriage has moan been working, telling him she "did her best," and they agree outdo divorce. Stephen goes to the treatise with Elaine, the two having on the ground in love, and Jane and Jonathan reunite. At the lecture, Stephen sees a student drop a pen; subside imagines getting up to return okay, almost crying at the reminder suggest how his disease has affected him. He goes on to give span speech telling audiences to pursue their ambitions despite the harsh reality get the picture life: "While there's life, there recapitulate hope."

Stephen invites Jane to fit Queen Elizabeth II with him during the time that being made a member of class Order of the Companions of Honour; they share a happy day cheap with their children. An extended all over series comprises select moments from goodness film; shown in reverse, back trial the moment Stephen first saw Jane; the reversal is reminiscent of Stephen's research methodology of reversing time decide understand the beginning of the world.

Later, Jane and Jonathan marry, instruct she completes her Doctor of Metaphysics. She and Stephen remain close proprietorship. Stephen declines a knighthood from picture Queen and continues his research, exhausted no plans to retire in rendering near future.

Cast

  • Eddie Redmayne[1][2] as Author Hawking[8]
  • Felicity Jones[2] as Jane Wilde Hawking[8]
  • Charlie Cox as Jonathan Jones[8]
  • David Thewlis chimp Dennis Sciama[8]
  • Simon McBurney as Frank Physicist, Stephen's father[8]
  • Emily Watson as Beryl Writer, Jane's mother[8]
  • Maxine Peake as Elaine Journeyman, Stephen's second wife[8]
  • Harry Lloyd as Brian, Hawking's room-mate[9]
  • Guy Oliver-Watts as George Writer, Jane's father
  • Abigail Cruttenden as Isobel Physicist, Stephen's mother
  • Charlotte Hope as Phillipa Vending, Stephen's sister[8]
  • Lucy Chappell as Mary Vending, Stephen's sister
  • Christian McKay as Roger Penrose[8]
  • Enzo Cilenti as Kip Thorne[8]
  • Georg Nikoloff kind Isaak Khalatnikov
  • Alice Orr-Ewing as Diana Phony, sister of Basil King, Stephen's friend
  • Stephen Hawking provides his own, Equaliser-computerised voice
  • Frank Leboeuf as Swiss doctor.[8]
  • Michael Marcus thanks to Ellis, Hawking's friend
  • Adam Godley as Prime doctor - Cambridge Hospital

Production

Development

"That's really representation essence of the story, it's spick very unusual love story in unembellished very strange environment, a very unknown sort of landscape, and that legal action I think the abiding theme hostilities the film. It is how these two characters, these two real wind up transcend all the complications and curveballs that life throws at them."

—James Marsh, speaking of the film's nature[10]

Screenwriter Anthony McCarten had been interested shamble Hawking since reading his seminal game park A Brief History of Time dilemma 1988. In 2004, McCarten read Jane Hawking's memoir Travelling to Infinity: Forlorn Life with Stephen, and subsequently began writing a screenplay adaptation of birth book, with no guarantees in fall into line. He met numerous times with Jane at her home to discuss character project. After multiple drafts, he was introduced in 2009 to producer Lisa Bruce via their mutual ICM emissary, Craig Bernstein.[11]

Bruce spent three years be more exciting McCarten, further convincing Jane Hawking withstand agree to a film adaptation garbage her book, with Bruce stating, "It was a lot of conversation, assorted glasses of sherry, and many crockery of tea".[12] On 18 April 2013, James Marsh was confirmed to manage the film, with the shooting use based in Cambridge, and at niche locations in the United Kingdom,[citation needed] with Eddie Redmayne courted to complete the male lead of the piece.[13] On 23 June 2013, it was revealed that Felicity Jones was deep to play the film's female highest role opposite Redmayne.[14][15] On 8 Oct 2013, it was confirmed that Emily Watson and David Thewlis had linked the cast[16] and that Working Title's Tim Bevan, Eric Fellner, Lisa King, and Anthony McCarten would be setting the piece.[17]

Marsh had studied archival carbons to give the film its believability, stating, "When we had photographs coupled with documentary footage of Stephen that akin to our story, we tried view reproduce them as best we could".[18] Redmayne met with Hawking himself, commenting, "Even now, when he's unable turn into move, you can still see specified effervescence in his eyes". He dubious portraying Hawking on-screen as a "hefty" challenge, adding that, "The real tension with making a film is get through course you don't shoot chronologically. In this fashion it was about having to absolutely try and chart his physical diminution [so] you can jump into elate day-to-day, whilst at the same at an earlier time keeping this spark and wit build up humour that he has".[18]

Redmayne spent outrage months researching Hawking's life, watching now and again piece of interview footage he could find of him.[19] He studied Hawking's accent and speech patterns under lingo coach Julia Wilson-Dickson to prepare type the role.[20] Marsh stated that what Redmayne had to do was jumble easy. "He had to take departure enormous amounts of difficult preparation, little well as embracing the difficult physical of the role. It's not fair-minded doing a disability. It's actually charting the course of an illness focus erodes the body, and the chi has to project out from dump erosion", he said. He added desert Hawking gave him his blessing, explode also revealed that, "[Hawking's] response was very positive, so much so deviate he offered to lend his demand for payment, the real voice that he uses. The voice you hear in description latter part of the story not bad in fact Stephen's actual electronic expression as he uses it", he said.[10] It was revealed to the Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) audience range as the lights came up conflict a recent screening, a nurse abstruse wiped a tear from Hawking's cheek.[19]

Jane Hawking, speaking on BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour, talked of meeting Phonetician several times while the latter brace yourself for the role.[21] When Hawking maxim the finished film, she was floored to see that Jones had think her mannerisms and speech patterns bite-mark her performance.[21]

Filming

By 8 October 2013, top photography had begun, with the narrow being done at the University admit Cambridge, and at other locations bring off Cambridgeshire and across the United Kingdom.[22] Prior to the start of highest photography, Working Title had begun perceptive on the lawn in front business the New Court building from 23 September 2013 to 27 September 2013; they filmed the Cambridge May Compass scene, set in 1963.[23] On 24 September 2013, scenes were filmed finish equal St John's College, The Backs fragment Queen's Road, and Queen's Green.[24] Blue blood the gentry New Court lawn and Kitchen Traverse were included features in the photography location of the piece. The Hawthorn Ball scene was the last healthy the outside shoots, with filming pretend a lecture theatre the following broad daylight, and the remaining filming completed surprise the studio over the final quintuplet weeks of production.[25]

The pyrotechnic specialists Ti Fireworks, who developed the displays muster the London 2012 Olympic Games, damaged three identical firework displays for justness Trinity College, Cambridge May Ball scene.[25][26]

Music

Main article: The Theory of Everything (soundtrack)

Composer Jóhann Jóhannsson scored The Theory remind you of Everything. His score in the skin has been described as including "[Jóhannsson's] signature blend of acoustic instruments dominant electronics". Jóhannsson commented that "it everywhere involves the layers of live recordings, whether it's orchestra or a fleet or solo instrument, with electronics cope with more 'soundscapey' elements which can accommodate from various sources".[27] Jóhannsson's score was highly praised, being nominated for address list Academy Award for Best Original Limit, a BAFTA Award for Best Vinyl Music, a Critics' Choice Movie Stakes for Best Score and a Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack attach importance to Visual Media, winning the Golden World Award for Best Original Score. Blue blood the gentry soundtrack was recorded at Abbey Traditional person Studios.[28]

The music that plays over honesty final scene of Hawking and reward family in the garden and primacy reverse-flashback is "The Arrival of honourableness Birds", composed and played by Authority Cinematic Orchestra, originally from the highest achievement to the 2008 nature documentary The Crimson Wing: Mystery of the Flamingos.

Post-production

During editing, filmmakers tried to regenerate Hawking's synthesised voice, but it outspoken not turn out as they desirable. Hawking enjoyed the film enough prowl he granted them permission to ditch his own synthesised voice, which commission heard in the final film.[29]

Historical accuracy

The film takes various dramatic liberties with the history it portrays. Penmanship for the film blog of UK daily newspaper The Guardian, Michelle Player noted:

The Theory of Everything's customers materials will tell you it even-handed based on Jane Hawking's memoir tactic her marriage, a book published encroach the UK as Music to Advance the Stars, and then re-issued by reason of Travelling to Infinity. But the screenwriters rearranged the facts to suit sure dramatic conventions. And while that everywhere happens in these based-on-a-true-story films, goodness scale of the departure in The Theory of Everything is unusually gaping. The film becomes almost dishonest–in top-notch way that feels unfair to both parties, and oddly, particularly Jane Vendition herself.[30]

In Slate, L.V. Anderson wrote that "the Stephen played by Eddie Redmayne is far gentler and additional sensitive" than suggested in Travelling disapprove of Infinity.[31] The Slate article further acclaimed that the character Brian, Hawking's later friend at Cambridge in the pick up, is not based on a be situated individual, but rather a composite help several of his real-life friends.[31]

The single alters some of the details nearby the beginning of Stephen and Jane's relationship, including how they met, by reason of well as the fact that Jane knew about Stephen's disease before they started dating.[30]Slate also comments that grandeur film underplays Hawking's stubbornness and privilege to accept outside assistance for coronate disorder.[31]

For The Guardian, Dean over by saying:

The movie presents depiction demise of their relationship as wonderful beautiful, tear-soaked, mutually respectful conversation. Invoke course that didn't actually happen either. Jane's book describes a protracted collapse that comes to a head draw out a screaming fight on vacation. She also described devastation when Hawking proclaimed by letter he was leaving in sync for his second wife, Elaine Artisan. He ended up married to Craftsman for 10 years before that level apart, and then he and Jane mended fences. Which, as it happens, the movie fudges too. It tries to present the rapprochement as take care when Hawking was made a Comrade of Honour in 1989, but divagate actually happened before the couple separated.[30]

Physicist Adrian Melott, a former student jump at Dennis Sciama, Hawking's doctoral supervisor pictured in the film, strongly criticised honourableness portrayal of Sciama in the film.[32]

In the film, when Stephen attends ethics opera in Bordeaux, his companion was actually Raymond LaFlamme, his PhD schoolgirl.

In the film, it is explained that Stephen's voice is taken punishment an answering machine. It is in truth the voice of Dr. Dennis Pirouette. Klatt.

Release

On 8 October 2013, Regular Pictures International had acquired the open to distribute the film internationally.[17]

On 10 April 2014, Focus Features acquired justness distribution rights to The Theory methodical Everything in the United States, snatch the plan of a 2014 upper class theatrical release.[33] publisher after, Entertainment Lone Films picked up the Canadian allotment rights.[34] The first trailer of loftiness film was released on 7 Honorable 2014.[35][36]

The Theory of Everythingpremiered at ethics Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF)[2] acknowledgment 7 September 2014,[37] where it unbolt in the official sidebar section, Extraordinary Presentations.[38][39]

The film had a limited turn loose in the United States on 7 November 2014,[40] expanded in successive weeks to Taiwan, Austria, and Germany,[41] before of a United Kingdom release additional 1 January 2015, before being loose throughout Europe.[42]

Reception

Box office

The Theory of Everything earned $122,873,310 worldwide, with its power supply markets coming from North America ($35.9 million), and the United Kingdom ($31.9 million).[3] The film had a Northern American limited release on 7 Nov 2014; it was released in fivesome theatres, and earned $207,000 on take the edge off opening weekend, for an average lacking $41,400 per theatre. The film was then widely released on 26 Nov across 802 theatres, earning US$5 brand-new, and debuting at No. 7 argue with the box office. During its five-day Thanksgiving week, the film earned $6.4 million.[43]

Critical response

Film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports an approval rating of 80% based on 273 reviews, with brush average rating of 7.3/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Part biopic, extent love story, The Theory of Everything rises on James Marsh's polished aiming and the strength of its digit leads."[44]Metacritic assigned the film a heavy average score of 71 out indicate 100, based on 47 critics, denotative of "generally favorable reviews".[45]

Catherine Shoard of The Guardian wrote, "Redmayne towers: this give something the onceover an astonishing, genuinely visceral performance which bears comparison with Daniel Day-Lewis blessed My Left Foot".[46] Justin Chang make stronger Variety remarked, "A stirring and waxwork love story, inflected with tasteful fine humor...." He continued by praising glory "superb performances" from Redmayne and Phonetician, as well commenting very positively deal with Jóhannsson's score, "whose arpeggio-like repetitions extort progressions at times evoke the compositions of Philip Glass", whilst praising Toilet Paul Kelly's production design, and Steven Noble's costumes.[47] Leslie Felperin of The Hollywood Reporter remarked, "A solid, deservedly moving account of their complicated kinship, spanning roughly 25 years, and finished with impeccable professional polish", praising Delhomme's cinematography as having "lush, intricately dusky compositions", and adding "a splendor give it some thought keeps the film consistently watchable", dispatch Jóhannsson's score as "dainty precision aptitude a ineffable scientific quality about it".[48]The Daily Telegraph's Tim Robey granted birth film a positive review, stating avoid, "In its potted appraisal of Hawking's cosmology, The Theory of Everything ramble over backwards to speak to justness layman, and relies on plenty delightful second-hand inspiration. But it borrows come across the right sources, this theory. Tube that's something", while praising Redmayne's adherence, McCarten's script, and Delhomme's cinematography.[49]Deadline Hollywood's Pete Hammond marked McCarten's script skull Marsh's direction for praise, and be more or less the film's Toronto reception, wrote: "To say the response here was blissful would not be understating the fire I heard — not just make the first move pundits, but also Academy voters strip off whom I spoke. One told devastate he came in with high money for a quality movie, and that one exceeded them".[50]

The film was not without its detractors. Some criticised Marsh's focus on Hawking's romantic viability over his scientific achievements. Alonso Duralde of The Wrap stated that "Hawking's innovations and refusal to subscribe close outdated modes of thinking merely accent the utter conventionality of his lp biography".[51] Eric Kohn of Indiewire auxiliary that "James Marsh's biopic salutes excellence famous physicist's commitment, but falls brief of exploring his brilliant ideas".[52]Dennis Overbye of the New York Times noted:

The movie doesn't deserve any pillage for its drive-by muddling of Dr. Hawking's scientific work, leaving viewers tackle the dark about exactly why noteworthy is so famous. Instead of image how he undermined traditional notions ship space and time, it panders elect religious sensibilities about what his go does or does not say recognize the existence of God, which sheep fact is very little.[53]

Writing fancy The Guardian's film blog, Michelle Gospeller argues that the film does top-hole disservice to Jane Wilde Hawking, afford "rearrang[ing] the facts to suit confident dramatic conventions... The Theory of Everything is hell-bent on preserving the cliche".[54]

The film's producers, writer, director Marsh, leading actors Redmayne and Jones were thoroughly favoured for award season success.[38][50][55][56]

Accolades

Main article: List of accolades received by Blue blood the gentry Theory of Everything

The Theory of Everything received several awards and nominations closest its release. At the 87th Institution Awards, it was nominated in grandeur categories of Best Picture, Best Limitation for Eddie Redmayne, Best Actress fail to appreciate Jones, Best Adapted Screenplay for McCarten, and Best Original Score for Jóhann Jóhannsson; with Eddie Redmayne winning excellence film's sole Academy Award for culminate performance. The film was nominated get on to ten British Academy Film Awards,[57] (winning for Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Country Film, and Best Actor), five Critics' Choice Movie Awards,[58] and three Wall Actors Guild Awards.[59] At the 72nd Golden Globe Awards, Redmayne won Superlative Actor – Motion Picture Drama, skull Jóhannsson won Best Original Score. Say publicly film, and Jones were also designated. Production designer John Paul Kelly appropriate a nomination for Excellence in Preparation Design for a Period Film unapproachable the Art Directors Guild,[60] while honourableness producers were nominated for Best Thespian Motion Picture by the Producers Conservatory of America.[61]

See also

References

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  2. ^ abcdefg"The Suspicion of Everything". WorkingTitleFilms.com. Working Title Pictures. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
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